Vapor electric apparatus.



M. VON RECKLINGHAUSEN.

VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I2, 1913-.

1 9 1 ,5']. Patented Tune 27, 1916.

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MAX VON RECKLINGHAUSEN, OF SURESNES, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO COOPER HEWITTELECTRIC COMPANY, OF HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

Application filed July 12, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MAX VON Rncnnrsc- IIAUSEN, a subject of the Emperorof Germany, and resident of Suresnes, France, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Vapor Electric Apparatus, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to gas or vapor electric apparatus utilizing arefractory material for the inclosingvessel, such apparatus having twoor more electrodes.

More particularly my invention relates to the protection of thecontainer at such points as are exposed to relatively high or severeheat or electric conditions.

My invention is especially useful in connection with mercury vaporelectric apparatus of quartz or material which is very refractory, Whichmaterial is used with the extremely concentrated current and heatOperation in the apparatus.

I have below shown a typical application of my invention in one of thecases in which it is especially advantageous.

Other applications will be evident as occasions may arise.

Figure 1 shows a portion of the vapor electric apparatus having a quartzcontainer. Fig. 2 shows a section thereof along the lines :r-zv.

In these figures, 1 represents a refractory lining, 2 represents aportion of the quartz container of the mercury vapor quartz lamp such asis frequently used for illumination. Such lamp consists of a tubularlight giving portion with an anode at one end and a cathode chamber 3with a cathode of mercury at the other end and a narrow portionconnecting the tubular portion with the latter electrode chamber andconfining the active point on the cathode itself. This lamp, not being apart of my present invention, needs no further description as a lamp.

The narrow portion of the current path shown at 7 contains the cathodespot, for the active portion of the cathode spot lies at different timesat various positions along this narrow portion. The normal currenttraverses the part of this narrow portion not occupied by the mercury,which is consequently very highly heated. The concentration of currentand temperature combined with the reactions at the cathode spot have atendency to disintegrate or overheat or otherwise injure the quartzsurface and it is Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27, 19.16.

Serial No. 778,685.

the object of the present invention to prevent such injury. This resultI accomplish by lining this narrow portion with a special form of quartzhaving an unusually high refractory character. I recommend a specialquartz called titanium zircon quartz which may be had of the ZirconGesellschaft, l rankfort on the Main, Germany. This quartz, while verydifficult to mani 'iulate, has good mechanical qualities and isextremely refractory. I produce a lamp with this lining by firstproviding a lining as at 1 in the form desired and fusing thereto otherquartz to build up the proper local structure and then by sealing it tothe other parts of the lamp as is understood in the manufacture of suchlamps. I consider it advisable to use an extension 4: of the liningbeyond the narrow portion, 7, inside the cathode electrode chamber, tothe line shown at 5, since under some conditions the mercury surface maywithdraw as far as there indicated; on the other hand this lining shouldbe extended in the other direction to the end of the constricted portionsince at certain times, as during starting, this whole passage is filledwith mercury and the cathode spot is formed at the location indicated bythe line 6. In operation the action of this special lining is to preventthe disintegrating, cracking or wasting away or clouding of the surfacein the narrow portion where the concentration of action is greatest. Thesoftening point of this titanium zircon quartz being very high and itsmechanical qualities being exceptionally good, far more severeconditions may be successfully withstood through the use of this liningthan would otherwise be possible.

In Fig. 2 the intimate relation of the lining, 1, to the main body ofthe quartz, 2, is shown.

While I have referred particularly to one special composition ofrefractory quartz as suitable for a lining this is mentioned merely forthe convenience of those wishing to practise the invention and I do notwish to limit myself to the-use of this material. I wish it furtherunderstood that this method of providing against the destructive actionof the very high temperature or concentrated electrical actions and evenadverse chemical conditions may be utilized at other points in thisquartz lamp or in other apparatus where similar conditions exist. The fllfldillllOlltfil idea underlying my invention and the method of bringingits'results is made clear above.

I claim as my invention 1. In a quartz mercury vapor apparatus, aconstricted portion carrying the current and a lining thereof consistingof titanium zircon quartz fused throughout its entire length to theinner wall of the constricted portion.

2. In a quartz mercury vapor apparatus, a constricted portion containingthe cathode, and a lining therefor consisting of a quartz compound fusedthroughout its entire length to the constricted portion and of more.refractory composition than the said portion.

3. In a quartz mercury vapor, apparatus, a constricted portion carryingthe current, and a lining thereof consisting of a more refractory quartzcomposition, the said lining being fused throughout its entirelength tothe. constricted portion and being providedwith an extension extendingbeyond the constricted portion and likewise fused to the wallof the,cathode chamber.

Signed at New York in the minuty of New York and'btate. of New York this9th day of July, A. l). 1913.

MAX \UN REC-KLINGHAUSEN. \Vi tnesscs 7 WM. ll. (-Arnn,

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